{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.1", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-54878", "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M", "dateReserved": "2025-07-31T17:23:33.475Z", "datePublished": "2025-08-11T20:40:15.073Z", "dateUpdated": "2025-08-11T20:55:54.669Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "Heap Buffer Overflow in NASA CryptoLib 1.4.0 `Crypto_TC_Check_IV_Setup`", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-122", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow", "type": "CWE"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.6, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H", "version": "3.1"}}], "references": [{"name": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-9qph-pxfm-q9g4", "tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-9qph-pxfm-q9g4"}, {"name": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/commit/9b5b294ec09da450d2d4d05aea2db604ead48be1", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/commit/9b5b294ec09da450d2d4d05aea2db604ead48be1"}], "affected": [{"vendor": "nasa", "product": "CryptoLib", "versions": [{"version": "< 1.4.1", "status": "affected"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M", "dateUpdated": "2025-08-11T20:40:15.073Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. A heap buffer overflow vulnerability exists in NASA CryptoLib version 1.4.0 and prior in the IV setup logic for telecommand frames. The problem arises from missing bounds checks when copying the Initialization Vector (IV) into a freshly allocated buffer. An attacker can supply a crafted TC frame that causes the library to write one byte past the end of the heap buffer, leading to heap corruption and undefined behaviour. An attacker supplying a malformed telecommand frame can corrupt heap memory. This leads to undefined behaviour, which could manifest itself as a crash (denial of service) or more severe exploitation. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.0."}], "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-9qph-pxfm-q9g4", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2025-08-11T20:55:37.431219Z", "id": "CVE-2025-54878", "options": [{"Exploitation": "poc"}, {"Automatable": "yes"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2025-08-11T20:55:54.669Z"}}]}}

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{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. A heap buffer overflow vulnerability exists in NASA CryptoLib version 1.4.0 and prior in the IV setup logic for telecommand frames. The problem arises from missing bounds checks when copying the Initialization Vector (IV) into a freshly allocated buffer. An attacker can supply a crafted TC frame that causes the library to write one byte past the end of the heap buffer, leading to heap corruption and undefined behaviour. An attacker supplying a malformed telecommand frame can corrupt heap memory. This leads to undefined behaviour, which could manifest itself as a crash (denial of service) or more severe exploitation. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.0."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "CryptoLib ofrece una soluci\u00f3n exclusivamente de software que utiliza CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) para proteger las comunicaciones entre una nave espacial que ejecuta el Sistema de Vuelo (cFS) y una estaci\u00f3n terrestre. Existe una vulnerabilidad de desbordamiento del b\u00fafer de pila en la versi\u00f3n 1.4.0 y anteriores de NASA CryptoLib en la l\u00f3gica de configuraci\u00f3n del IV para tramas de telecomando. El problema surge de la omisi\u00f3n de comprobaciones de los l\u00edmites al copiar el Vector de Inicializaci\u00f3n (IV) en un b\u00fafer reci\u00e9n asignado. Un atacante puede proporcionar una trama de TC manipulada que provoque que la librer\u00eda escriba un byte m\u00e1s all\u00e1 del final del b\u00fafer de pila, lo que provoca corrupci\u00f3n de pila y un comportamiento indefinido. Un atacante que proporcione una trama de telecomando mal formada puede corromper la memoria de pila. Esto provoca un comportamiento indefinido, que podr\u00eda manifestarse como un bloqueo (denegaci\u00f3n de servicio) o una explotaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s grave. Este problema se ha corregido en la versi\u00f3n 1.4.0."}], "id": "CVE-2025-54878", "lastModified": "2025-08-12T14:25:33.177", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.6, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "LOW", "integrityImpact": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 4.7, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2025-08-11T21:15:28.447", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/commit/9b5b294ec09da450d2d4d05aea2db604ead48be1"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-9qph-pxfm-q9g4"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-122"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Primary"}]}

{}